Quick Summary
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Phenotype: Dogs with one or two copies of the variant alleles shed less than dogs with no copies
Mode of Inheritance: Complex
Alleles: MC5R SD = low shedding variant, N = Normal shedding
RSPO2 F = low shedding variant, IC = Normal shedding
Breeds appropriate for testing: Many
Explanation of results:
Shedding (SD locus) plus Furnishing and Improper coat
- Dogs with SD/SD and F/F or SD/N and F/F genotypes are associated with minimal shedding.
- Dogs with SD/SD and F/IC or N/N and F/F genotypes have low shedding associated variants and are predicted to have lower rates of shedding than would be considered average for the breed.
- Dogs with SD/SD and IC/IC, SD/N and IC/IC or SD/N and F/IC genotypes have variants predicted to result in average shedding.
Note: To reach these conclusions, researchers rated breeds on a scale of 0 (minimal shedding breeds) to 1 (heavy shedding breeds), and Figure 1 below shows where the genotype combinations fall on that scale. Breeds were considered minimal shedders (0), average shedders (0.5) and heavy shedders (1) according to information provided on various websites, including akc.org. Shedding was not quantified as a part of this study.
Shedding (SD Locus) plus Furnishings and Improper Coat (IC)
$70 one test per animal
$40 when added to one other coat color/fur type/bobtail test (same animal)
$35 when added to two other coat color/fur type/bobtail tests (same animal)
$30 when added to three other coat color/fur type/bobtail tests (same animal)
Multiple genes control the propensity for a dog to shed. Identified as the SD Locus (Shedding), the melanocortin 5 receptor (MC5R gene) variant c.709G>A is associated with decreased shedding in multiple dog breeds. High shedding is associated with two copies of the ancestral allele (N) with relatively less shedding in individuals with one ancestral and one variant (SD) allele.
Dogs with furnishings, which is caused by a 167 bp insertion in the untranslated region near R-spondin-2 (RSPO2), also have a propensity to shed less. The two genes have an additive effect, thus dogs with both variants exhibit the lowest amount of shedding while dogs lacking either variant have the highest amount of shedding. Combinations of heterozygous variants at both loci (MC5R and RSPO2) are predicted to result in intermediate shedding rates. However, quantification of the volume of shedding of these heterozygotes has not been determined.
Species
Type of Test
|
Test Results |
|
Shedding (SD Locus) plus Furnishings and Improper Coat (IC) |
|
Shedding (SD Locus) |
Furnishings and IC |
INTERPRETATION |
|
SD/SD |
F/F |
Variant combination identified in minimal shedding breeds. |
|
SD/N |
F/F |
Variant combination identified in minimal shedding breeds. |
|
SD/SD |
F/IC |
Variant combination identified in dogs with a reduced shedding rate relative to average shedding breeds. |
|
N/N |
F/F |
Variant combination identified in dogs with a reduced shedding rate relative to average shedding breeds. |
|
SD/SD |
IC/IC |
Variant combination identified in dogs with an average shedding rate for the breed. |
|
SD/N |
F/IC |
Variant combination identified in dogs with an average shedding rate for the breed. |
|
SD/N |
IC/IC |
Variant combination identified in dogs with an average shedding rate for the breed. |
|
N/N |
F/IC |
Variant combination identified in heavy shedding breeds. |
|
N/N |
IC/IC |
Variant combination identified in heavy shedding breeds. |
J.J. Hayward, M.G. Castelhano, K.C. Oliveira, E. Corey, C. Balkman, T.L. Baxter, M.L. Casal, S.A. Center, M. Fang, S.J. Garrison, S.E. Kalla, P. Korniliev, M.I. Kotlikoff, N.S. Moise, L.M. Shannon, K.W. Simpson, N.B. Sutter, R.J. Todhunter, A.R. Boyko. (2016) Complex disease and phenotype mapping in the domestic dog. Nature Communications, 7, 10460.
